Gabriela
Hartanto
LC
02/ 2301851471
Summary session 25-26
Franchising
History
Another
important
innovation in franchising was the development of conversion franchising.
Conversion franchising is the process of turning independent businesses into
franchisees under the umbrella of the franchisor's brand name. The major oil
companies were the pioneers in this activity when they began to offer
independent repair stations the right to use their trademarks in the 1920s.
Franchising
Franchising
is an arrangement where franchisor (one party) grants or licenses some rights
and authorities to franchisee (another party). Franchising is
a well-known marketing strategy for business expansion.A contractual agreement takes place between Franchisor and Franchisee.
Franchisor authorizes franchisee to sell their products, goods, services and give rights to use their trademark and brand
name. And these franchisee acts like a dealer.In return, the franchisee pays a
one-time fee or commission to franchisor and some share of revenue. Some
advantages to franchisees are they do not have to spend money on training employees,
they get to learn about business techniques.
Functioning
of Franchising
Under a
franchise, the two parties generally enter into a Franchise Agreement. This
agreement allows the franchise to use the franchisor’s brand name and sell its
products or services. In return, the franchisee pays a fee to the franchisor.The
franchisee may sell these products and services by operating as a branch of the
parent company. It may even use franchising rights by selling these products
under its own business venture.The franchisor may grant franchising rights to
one or several individuals or firms. Consequently, if just one person gets
these rights, he becomes the exclusive seller of the franchisor’s products in a
specific market or geographical limit.In return, the franchisor supplies its
products, services, technological know-how, brand name and trade secrets to the
franchise. It even provides training and assistance in some cases.
Features of Franchising
Firstly,
under a franchising agreement, the franchisor grants permission to the
franchise to use its intellectual properties like patents and trademarks.Secondly,
the franchise in return pays a fee (i.e. royalty) to the franchisor and may
even have to share a part of his profits. On the contrary, the franchisor
provides its goods, services, and assistance to the franchise.Finally, both
parties in a franchise sign a franchising agreement. This agreement is
basically a contract that states terms and conditions applicable with respect to the franchise.
Advantages and
Disadvantages of Franchising
Advantages
to Franchisors
·
Firstly,
franchising is a great way to expand a business without incurring additional
costs on expansion. This is because all expenses of selling are borne by the
franchise.
·
This
further also helps in building a brand name, increasing goodwill and reaching
more customers.
Advantages to Franchisees
·
A
franchise can use franchising to start a business on a pre-established brand
name of the franchisor. As a result, the franchise can predict his success and
reduce risks of failure.
·
Furthermore,
the franchise also does not need to spend money on training and assistance
because the franchisor provides this.
·
Another
advantage is that sometimes a franchisee may get exclusive rights to sell the
franchisor’s products within an area.
·
Franchisees
will get to know business techniques and trade secrets of brands.
Disadvantages
for Franchisors
·
The
most basic disadvantage is that the franchise does not possess direct control
over the sale of its products. As a result, its own goodwill can suffer if the
franchisor does not maintain quality standards.
·
Furthermore,
the franchisee may even leak the franchisor’s secrets to rivals. Franchising
also involves ongoing costs of providing maintenance, assistance, and training
on the franchisor.
Disadvantages
for Franchisees
·
First
of all, no franchise has complete control over his business. He always has to
adhere to policies and conditions of the franchisor.
·
Another
disadvantage is that he always has to pay some royalty to the franchisor
on a routine basis. In some cases, he may even have to share his profits with
the franchisor.
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